Drop-In Refrigerants - Definition and Application

A drop-in refrigerant is a replacement refrigerant. It can be used in existing refrigeration systems without requiring extensive modifications. These refrigerants are specifically designed to replace older, often environmentally harmful or no longer approved refrigerants. This allows existing systems to continue operating.

In most cases, only minimal adjustments are necessary. For example, the expansion valve may need to be readjusted. The refrigerant charge may also need to be adjusted. Many drop-in refrigerants are compatible with existing lubricants, such as mineral oils or POE oils. This minimizes the need for complex oil changes or system cleaning.

Examples of Drop-In Refrigerants:

• R437A and R438A: Replacements for R22 in refrigeration and air-conditioning systems
• R449A or R448A: Alternatives to R404A, with significantly lower GWP
• R513A: A replacement for R134a with low global warming potential (GWP)

Important Limitations of Drop-In Refrigerants

• Compatibility check: Not every refrigerant is compatible with all components (e.g., oils, seals) of a system. The chemical compatibility must be checked before making the switch.
• Efficiency and capacity: While the thermodynamic properties of a drop-in refrigerant are similar, there may be slight changes in cooling performance and efficiency.
• A2L refrigerants: These refrigerants (e.g., R32 or R1234yf) are mildly flammable and may only be used in systems specifically designed for these refrigerants. They are not considered drop-in solutions.

Conclusion

Drop-in refrigerants provide a practical way to continue operating existing systems with more environmentally friendly alternatives. However, technical advice is essential when selecting a replacement refrigerant to ensure compatibility, efficiency, and compliance with regulations.